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Documentation for World Historical Gazetteer Latest Release
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Documentation for World Historical Gazetteer Latest Release
  • Introduction
  • Guides & Tutorials
    • 1. Our Indexes
    • 2. Workbench
    • 3. Publishing Data
    • 4. Uploading Data
    • 5. Reconciliation & Accessioning
    • 6. Reviewing accessioning results
    • 7. Collection Groups
  • Technical
    • 1. Repositories
    • 2. APIs
    • 3. Issues
  • V4 Preview
    • 1. User Guide
      • 1.1.1. Quick Start Guide
      • 1.1.2. Understanding WHG Concepts
      • 1.1.3. Place Record Anatomy
      • 1.1.4. Contributing Data Overview
      • 1.1.5. Reconciliation Overview
      • 1.1.6. Tutorial: Creating a Historical Route
      • 1.1.7. Frequently Asked Questions
      • 1.1.8. Glossary
    • 2. Open Educational Resources (OER)
    • 3. Data Model
      • 3.1. Introduction
      • 3.2. Overview
      • 3.3. Attestations & Relations
      • 3.4. Vocabularies
      • 3.5. Special Thing Patterns
      • 3.6. Contribution Types & Data Formats
      • 3.7. RDF Representation
      • 3.8. Platform Use Cases
      • 3.9. Implementation in ArangoDB
      • 3.10. Summary & Future Directions
    • 4. System Architecture
      • 4.1. Database Technology Assessment
      • 4.2. Kubernetes Configuration
      • 4.3. SSH Key Setup
      • 4.4. Deploying the Management Pod
      • 4.5. Deploying Services
      • 4.6. Service Configuration
  • License
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  • Introduction
    • Vision
    • Mission
  • Guides & Tutorials
    • 1. Our Indexes
      • 1.1. Wikidata+GeoNames
      • 1.2. WHG Union Index
      • 1.3. WHG “Pub” index
    • 2. Workbench
      • 2.1. Individual datasets
      • 2.2. Multiple datasets
      • 2.3. Thematic place collections
        • 2.3.1. Instructional exercise in a class setting, or workshop
        • 2.3.2. Authored publication
    • 3. Publishing Data
      • 3.1. Create and publish a Place Collection
      • 3.2. Create and publish a Dataset Collection
    • 4. Uploading Data
      • 4.1. Choosing an upload data format: LPF or LP-TSV?
      • 4.2. Preparing data for upload
        • 4.2.1. The simple case
        • 4.2.2. The not so simple case: extracting places
    • 5. Reconciliation & Accessioning
      • 5.1. What does closeMatch mean?
    • 6. Reviewing accessioning results
    • 7. Collection Groups
      • 7.1. Create and manage a Collection Group for a class or workshop
  • Technical
    • 1. Repositories
    • 2. APIs
      • 2.1. Entity API
      • 2.2. Reconciliation Service API
      • 2.3. Documentation
      • 2.4. API Tokens
        • 2.4.1. Using an API Token
    • 3. Issues
  • V4 Preview
    • 1. User Guide
      • 1.1. Note to Documentation Team
        • 1.1.1. Quick Start Guide
        • 1.1.2. Understanding WHG Concepts
        • 1.1.3. Place Record Anatomy
        • 1.1.4. Contributing Data Overview
        • 1.1.5. Reconciliation Overview
        • 1.1.6. Tutorial: Creating a Historical Route
        • 1.1.7. Frequently Asked Questions
        • 1.1.8. Glossary
      • 1.2. Getting Help
    • 2. Open Educational Resources (OER)
      • 2.1. Vision
      • 2.2. Strategic Goals
      • 2.3. Technical Requirements
        • 2.3.1. OER Metadata Schema
        • 2.3.2. Data Model Extensions
        • 2.3.3. API Endpoints
        • 2.3.4. Frontend Components
        • 2.3.5. Integration Points
        • 2.3.6. Workflow for Creating OERs
        • 2.3.7. Technical Implementation Checklist
        • 2.3.8. Success Metrics
        • 2.3.9. Sustainability Considerations
        • 2.3.10. Documentation Needs
    • 3. Data Model
      • 3.1. Introduction
        • 3.1.1. The Multi-Temporal Data Challenge
        • 3.1.2. The Solution: Attestations as Bundle Nodes
        • 3.1.3. Complete Example: Constantinople Through Time
        • 3.1.4. Why This Works
        • 3.1.5. Key Insight
        • 3.1.6. The Role of AUTHORITY and RELATION_TYPE
        • 3.1.7. Meta-Attestations: Attesting About Attestations
      • 3.2. Overview
        • 3.2.1. Core Entities
        • 3.2.2. Core Design Philosophy
        • 3.2.3. The Thing Entity
        • 3.2.4. Name Entity
        • 3.2.5. Geometry Entity
        • 3.2.6. Timespan Entity
        • 3.2.7. Attestation Entity
        • 3.2.8. Entity Relationships
        • 3.2.9. Entity Lifecycle
        • 3.2.10. Design Rationale
        • 3.2.11. Next Steps
      • 3.3. Attestations & Relations
        • 3.3.1. The Attestation as Graph Node
        • 3.3.2. Relationships Through Edges
        • 3.3.3. Relation Types via AUTHORITY Collection
        • 3.3.4. Complete Examples
        • 3.3.5. Multiple Attestations for Same Thing
        • 3.3.6. Querying Patterns
        • 3.3.7. Design Benefits
        • 3.3.8. Migration from v3
      • 3.4. Vocabularies
        • 3.4.1. Architecture Note
        • 3.4.2. Thing Classification Vocabulary
        • 3.4.3. Name Type Vocabulary
        • 3.4.4. Source Type Vocabulary
        • 3.4.5. Temporal Precision Vocabulary
        • 3.4.6. Spatial Precision Vocabulary
        • 3.4.7. Connection Type Vocabulary (for Networks)
        • 3.4.8. Directionality Vocabulary (for Networks)
        • 3.4.9. Certainty Assessment
        • 3.4.10. Meta-Attestation Types
      • 3.5. Special Thing Patterns
        • 3.5.1. Period Things
        • 3.5.2. Route Things
        • 3.5.3. Itinerary Things
        • 3.5.4. Network Things
        • 3.5.5. Gazetteer Group Things
        • 3.5.6. Timespan Inheritance and Computation
        • 3.5.7. Geometry Inheritance
      • 3.6. Contribution Types & Data Formats
        • 3.6.1. Overview
        • 3.6.2. Contribution Types
        • 3.6.3. Accepted Formats for All Types
        • 3.6.4. Relationship to Linked Places Format (LPF)
        • 3.6.5. Editing Contributions
      • 3.7. RDF Representation
        • 3.7.1. Overview
        • 3.7.2. Core Ontology Classes
        • 3.7.3. The Attestation Pattern in RDF
        • 3.7.4. Relation Type Vocabulary
        • 3.7.5. Complete Example
        • 3.7.6. Temporal Scoping
        • 3.7.7. Certainty and Provenance
        • 3.7.8. Meta-Attestations
        • 3.7.9. Integration with Existing Ontologies
        • 3.7.10. Geometry Representation
        • 3.7.11. Comparison with Other Models
        • 3.7.12. Querying with SPARQL
        • 3.7.13. Implementation Notes
        • 3.7.14. See Also
        • 3.7.15. External Resources
      • 3.8. Platform Use Cases
        • 3.8.1. Overview
        • 3.8.2. Core Platform Capabilities
        • 3.8.3. Researcher Workflow Examples
        • 3.8.4. What Sets WHG Apart
        • 3.8.5. Platform Value Proposition
        • 3.8.6. Technical Advantages of Graph Model
      • 3.9. Implementation in ArangoDB
        • 3.9.1. Overview
        • 3.9.2. Document Collections
        • 3.9.3. Indexing Strategy
        • 3.9.4. Query Patterns in AQL
        • 3.9.5. Handling Temporal Nulls and Geological Time
        • 3.9.6. ArangoDB Capabilities Assessment
        • 3.9.7. Summary
      • 3.10. Summary & Future Directions
        • 3.10.1. Core Architecture
        • 3.10.2. Key Design Principles
        • 3.10.3. What This Enables
        • 3.10.4. Implementation Choice: ArangoDB
        • 3.10.5. Future Extensions
        • 3.10.6. Research Challenges
        • 3.10.7. Sustainability Model
        • 3.10.8. Architectural Clarity
        • 3.10.9. Conclusion
    • 4. System Architecture
      • 4.1. Database Technology Assessment
        • 4.1.1. TL;DR
        • 4.1.2. Executive Summary
        • 4.1.3. Data Volume Projection
        • 4.1.4. Option 1: ArangoDB
        • 4.1.5. Option 2: PostgreSQL + Extensions
        • 4.1.6. Option 3: Neo4j
        • 4.1.7. Option 4: Vespa
        • 4.1.8. Detailed Comparison Matrix
        • 4.1.9. Recommendation
        • 4.1.10. Next Steps
        • 4.1.11. Conclusion
      • 4.2. Kubernetes Configuration
        • 4.2.1. Overview
        • 4.2.2. Setup
      • 4.3. SSH Key Setup
        • 4.3.1. 1. Generate an SSH Key
        • 4.3.2. 2. Copy the Public Key to the Remote Server
        • 4.3.3. 3. Log in to the Remote Server
        • 4.3.4. 4. Automatically Switch to the gazetteer Account
        • 4.3.5. 5. Check Kubernetes Nodes
        • 4.3.6. Secrets Management
      • 4.4. Deploying the Management Pod
        • 4.4.1. Accessing Kubernetes Dashboard and Services Locally
      • 4.5. Deploying Services
      • 4.6. Service Configuration
        • 4.6.1. Proposed Subdomain Mapping
  • License
    • Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International Public License
      • Section 1 – Definitions.
      • Section 2 – Scope.
      • Section 3 – License Conditions.
      • Section 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.
      • Section 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
      • Section 6 – Term and Termination.
      • Section 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.
      • Section 8 – Interpretation.
Copyright ©2017–2025 World Historical Gazetteer
Last updated on 19 October 2025